dependencyManagement和dependencies的不同

前言

随着Spring全家桶越做越大,和其他框架的结合的机会也越来越多,现在做Web基本是起手就是一个Spring。这就会出现版本号冲突的问题,比如新的Spring和旧的Quartz不兼容之类的情况。

Spring framework bom

为了解决这个问题,Spring推出了spring-framework-bomSpring Boot有对应的spring-boot-dependencies
只需要将以下pom.xml加入我们项目的pom.xml,就不用在dependencies标签中写版本号。dependencyManagement会自动帮我们引入版本号。

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<project>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

我们可以看下spring-framework-bom的源码,可以看到它已经默认为我们填好了版本号。

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>Spring Framework (Bill of Materials)</name>
<description>Spring Framework (Bill of Materials)</description>
<url>
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework
</url>
<organization>
<name>Spring IO</name>
<url>http://projects.spring.io/spring-framework</url>
</organization>
<licenses>
<license>
<name>The Apache Software License, Version 2.0</name>
<url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
<distribution>repo</distribution>
</license>
</licenses>
<developers>
<developer>
<id>jhoeller</id>
<name>Juergen Hoeller</name>
<email>jhoeller@pivotal.io</email>
</developer>
</developers>
<scm>
<connection>
scm:git:git://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework
</connection>
<developerConnection>
scm:git:git://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework
</developerConnection>
<url>
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework
</url>
</scm>
<issueManagement>
<system>Jira</system>
<url>https://jira.springsource.org/browse/SPR</url>
</issueManagement>
<!--===================注意这里===================-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-instrument-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<!--===================注意这里===================-->
</project>

总结

dependencyManagement是一个版本号管理器,官方说法是中央依赖版本管理
dependencyManagement子标签中的dependency声明的版本号,可以被引用了该dependencyManagementpom.xml继承,但是需要在pom.xml中声明dependency而不必声明版本号。
简单地说,就是自己的pom.xml不用再写dependencyManagement中拥有的dependency的版本号了,但是要写dependency名称(这里的名称只是形象的说法)

!!注意!!
dependencyManagement并不会产生继承关系,引用了dependencyManagement的新项目的pom.xml,仍需要手动声明引用的dependency,只是不用再写版本号。

如果需要继承的话,就使用parent标签,这里不赘述。

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<parent>
<artifactId>ahao-all</artifactId>
<groupId>com.ahao.core</groupId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>

参考资料